Which scenario leads to a drastic reduction in population size, followed by a new population founded by survivors?

Which scenario leads to a drastic reduction in population size, followed by a new population founded by survivors?

• A. Mutation accumulation in a small population.
• B. Gradual adaptation through selection over many generations.
• C. A large population migrates to a new habitat without changing allele frequencies.
• D. Bottleneck effect results in survivors founding a new population.

Answer: (D)